Alpha-gal Syndrome: Understanding a Unique Meat Allergy

Overview

Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS), also known as mammalian meat allergy (MMA), is a type of acquired food allergy that occurs after being bitten by certain ticks. It causes an allergic reaction to red meat and other products derived from mammals.

Symptoms

AGS symptoms typically develop within a few hours of consuming meat and can include: * Hives * Swelling * Itching * Nausea * Vomiting * Difficulty breathing

Causes

AGS is caused by an antibody called immunoglobulin E (IgE) that develops in response to the alpha-gal sugar molecule found in mammal meat. Tick saliva contains alpha-gal, which can enter the bloodstream when a person is bitten.

Diagnosis

AGS can be diagnosed with a blood test that detects the presence of alpha-gal-specific IgE antibodies.

Treatment

There is no cure for AGS, but symptoms can be managed by avoiding consuming mammalian meat and products derived from them. These include: * Red meat (beef, pork, lamb) * Organs (liver, kidney, heart) * Gelatin * Dairy (in some cases)

Conclusion

Alpha-gal syndrome is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that requires careful dietary management. By understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment options, individuals affected by AGS can take steps to prevent allergic reactions and live a healthy life.